Shoulder

AC joint arthritis is a common condition leading to pain in the shoulder. It is usually localised to the outer end (lateral) aspect of the collar bone (clavicle) at the site where it meets the acromion (Acromio clavicular joint). It develops after injuries,...

There are two main types of injuries affecting the AC joint: acute and chronic. Acute AC Injuries Acute AC joint injuries are very common injuries to the shoulder. These are injuries to the outer end of the collar bone (clavicle), usually...

What type of clavicle fractures are there and how are they treated? Clavicle fractures (collar bone fractures) occur after direct trauma is transmitted through the upper limb. This can occur from simple measures such as falling, such as whilst playing...

Fractured shoulders are unique. Because of the complexity of the joint being surrounded by muscles/ tendons, in the past they have had an uncertain prognosis, with the general consensus being that these fractures never recovered that well. This has...

What is frozen shoulder? Frozen shoulder is a condition of unknown cause which leads to pain and stiffness in the shoulder. It is generally self-limiting and in time predominantly resolves. The condition is the development of an inflamed articular...

What is the labrum? The labrum is a tissue that encircles the socket of the shoulder (glenoid). It extends the size of the socket to match it to the humeral head (ball of the shoulder). It is elastic and allows the shoulder to move with more freedom...

The rotator cuff is a group of four tendons which encircle the shoulder and provide stability. They also provide fine motor movements, they support the shoulder for any motion of the upper limb and stabilise the ball in the socket (humeral head in the...

Unstable shoulders are common events brought to the limelight by sporting injuries, particularly Australian Rules Football. What is the actual pathology of the condition and how is it treated? Instability of the shoulder is where the shoulder...